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stresses the act rather than the author, as in the case of
and
! 4
is
connected.¶
2.
(
#
!
, 1458),—see A, No. 3, “to bring a charge against, or to come
forward as an accuser against,” lit. denotes “to call in” ( , “in,”
, “to call”), i.e., “to
call (something) in or against (someone)”; hence, “to call to account, to accuse,” Acts
19:38,
RV
(
KJV
, “implead”); in v. 40, “accused” (
KJV
, “call in question”). It is used in four
other places in the Acts, 23:28-29; 26:2, 7, and elsewhere in Rom. 8:33, “shall lay to the
charge.” See
CALL
,
IMPLEAD
.¶
3.
(
# $ 1
, 1908), besides its more ordinary meaning, “to insult, treat
abusively, despitefully,” Luke 6:28, has the forensic significance “to accuse falsely,” and
is used with this meaning in 1 Pet. 3:16,
RV
, “revile.” See
DESPITEFULLY
,
REVILE
.¶
4.
(
$!
, 2723), “to speak against, accuse” (cf. A, No. 4), is used (a)
in a general way, “to accuse,” e.g., Luke 6:7,
RV
, “how to accuse”; Rom. 2:15; Rev.
12:10; (b) before a judge, e.g., Matt. 12:10; Mark 15:4 (
RV
, “witness against”); Acts
22:30; 25:16. In Acts 24:19,
RV
renders it “make accusation,” for the
KJV
, “object.” See
OBJECT
,
WITNESS
.
5.
$
(
!
, 4811), (Eng., “sycophant”) means (a) “to accuse
wrongfully”; Luke 3:14 (
KJV
and
RV
, margin);
RV
, “exact wrongfully”; (b) “to exact
money wrongfully, to take anything by false accusation,” Luke 19:8, and the
RV
text of
3:14. It is more frequently found in the Sept.; see Gen. 43:18, “to inform against”; Lev.
19:11, “neither shall each falsely accuse his neighbor”; Job 35:9, “they that are oppressed
by false accusation”; Ps. 119:122, “let not the proud accuse me falsely”; Prov. 14:31 and
22:16, “he that oppresses the needy by false accusation.”
The word is derived from
$
, “a fig,” and
, “to show.” At Athens a man
whose business it was to give information against anyone who might be detected
exporting figs out of the province, is said to have been called a
$
(see Note (2)
below). Probably, however, the word was used to denote one who brings figs to light by
shaking the tree, and then in a metaphorical sense one who makes rich men yield up their
fruit by “false accusation.” Hence in general parlance it was used to designate “a
malignant informer,” one who accused from love of gain. See
EXACT
.¶
: &
8
denotes “to bring a previous charge against”, Rom. 3:9,
RV
. See
CHARGE
.¶
ACCUSER
1.
(
1
, 1228), “an accuser” (cf. ACCUSE, B, No. 1), is used 34 times
as a title of Satan, the Devil (the English word is derived from the Greek); once of Judas,
John 6:70, who, in his opposition to God, acted the part of the Devil. Apart from John
6:70, men are never spoken of as devils. It is always to be distinguished from
, “a
demon.” It is found three times, 1 Tim. 3:11; 2 Tim. 3:3; Titus 2:3, of false accusers,
slanderers.
2.
(
) $
, 2725), “an accuser,” is used in John 8:10; Acts 23:30, 35;
24:8; 25:16, 18. In Rev. 12:10, it is used of Satan.¶ In the Sept., Prov. 18:17.¶